Most pool pumps (1-1.5 HP) draw 10-14 amps at 240V. Variable-speed pumps may draw less during normal operation.
| Recommended wire | 12/2 with ground, in conduit |
| Breaker | 20A double-pole |
| Voltage | 240V |
| Typical amperage | 12A |
| Circuit amperage | 20A |
| NEC reference | NEC 680.21 |
| Max recommended distance | About 150 feet one-way for 3% drop at 12A |
GFCI protection is required. Pump motor wiring must use a method permitted by NEC 680.21(A): rigid or intermediate metal conduit, PVC or RTRC conduit, liquidtight flexible conduit, or listed cable with an insulated copper equipment ground. The NEC requires specific burial depths for underground runs.
Most 1–1.5 HP, 240V pool pumps draw 10–14A and use 12 AWG copper wire on a 20A double-pole GFCI breaker. Larger 2 HP pumps drawing up to 20A may need 10 AWG on a 30A GFCI breaker. GFCI protection is required by NEC Article 680.
Yes — NEC 680.21(C) requires GFCI protection for all 120V and 240V pool pump circuits. This must be a GFCI circuit breaker (not just a GFCI outlet). The GFCI breaker goes in the main panel. Some local codes also require a timelock or manual override switch.
Most permanently installed pool pumps run on 240V for efficiency. Some smaller above-ground pool pumps use 120V. Always check the pump nameplate for voltage requirements. 240V pumps use a double-pole GFCI breaker with two hot conductors and an equipment ground; no neutral is needed.
NEC 680.13 requires a maintenance disconnect within sight of the pump (visible and within 50 feet) and at least 5 feet from the inside wall of the pool unless separated by a barrier. This is in addition to the GFCI breaker in the main panel.