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USE-2 Wire — Underground Service Entrance Cable

USE-2 is Underground Service Entrance cable, rated 600 V and 90°C in wet locations, and listed for direct burial without a raceway. That last point is what makes it different from THWN-2 and XHHW-2. Its limitation is the mirror image: USE-2 has no flame-retardant rating, so it may not be run inside a building unless it is also marked RHH or RHW-2.

USE-2 — Specifications

PropertyValue
Voltage rating600 V
Temperature rating90°C wet and dry
InsulationCross-linked polyethylene (XLPE)
ConductorCopper or aluminum, stranded
NEC articleArticle 338
Direct burialYes — listed for it without a raceway
Sunlight resistanceYes, listed sunlight resistant
Flame ratingNone unless dual-marked RHH / RHW-2
Inside buildingsNot permitted past the service point unless dual-marked
Typical useUnderground service laterals, feeders to detached structures
Specifications reflect the common commercial product and the governing NEC article. Always confirm the markings printed on the conductor or jacket, which are the authoritative statement of what a given reel is listed for.

USE-2 Ampacity — Copper, 75°C Column of NEC Table 310.16

SizeAmpacity
14 AWG20 A
12 AWG25 A
10 AWG35 A
8 AWG50 A
6 AWG65 A
4 AWG85 A
3 AWG100 A
2 AWG115 A
1 AWG130 A
1/0 AWG150 A
2/0 AWG175 A
3/0 AWG200 A
4/0 AWG230 A
Copper conductors, 30°C ambient, not more than three current-carrying conductors. Correct for higher ambients and larger conductor counts with NEC Table 310.15. NEC 240.4(D) still caps 14, 12 and 10 AWG copper at 15, 20 and 30 A of overcurrent protection.

The flame rating limitation

This is the rule that catches people. Straight USE-2 with no additional marking is an outdoor and underground conductor. NEC 338.12(B)(1) prohibits underground service-entrance cable from being used for interior wiring, because the insulation has no flame-retardant additive and will propagate fire along a wall cavity.

Most USE-2 sold in the US is dual- or triple-marked USE-2 / RHH / RHW-2. The RHH and RHW-2 markings are flame-rated building wire types, and that marking is what makes it legal to continue the run inside the building. Read the print on the insulation before you buy — the two products look identical on the reel.

USE-2 versus UF-B versus direct-burial conduit

USE-2 is a single conductor for service and feeder work. You bury three or four of them in a trench. It is 90°C wet-rated, so it derates well, and it is what the utility side of a service lateral is usually made of.

UF-B is a multi-conductor cable assembly for branch circuits. It is limited to the 60°C column, so it needs a larger conductor for the same load, but it is a complete cable with a ground included and it is what you use for a circuit out to a shed or a post light.

THWN-2 or XHHW-2 in PVC conduit is the third option and often the best one for anything you might want to change later. It costs more up front, buries shallower under NEC Table 300.5 — 18 inches for PVC against 24 for direct burial — and lets you pull new conductors without digging.

Other Wire Types

Related

UF-B underground feeder cable →NEC Table 300.5 — burial depths →XHHW / XHHW-2 wire →NEC Table 310.16 — conductor ampacity →Wire size by amps →